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Species Information
Summary: Also listed in Crusts category. Features include 1) resupinate growth on wood, especially hardwood, 2) a fruitbody that is white to yellowish, with a maze-like toothed surface or sometimes poroid, 3) spores that are elliptic, smooth, inamyloid, and colorless, 4) cystidia when present originating in the hymenium, capitate, with a rounded exudate (but hyphal ends from the outer edges of the pores are obtuse not capitate) and 5) a hyphal system that is either dimitic (Hallenberg) or pseudodimitic (Langer), the hyphae with clamp connections. Schizopora radula was separated from Schizopora paradoxa in 1983, and previous descriptions of Schizopora paradoxa refer to both species; Langer(1) and Hallenberg(5) separate them slightly differently, see SIMILAR. With respect to Schizopora radula and Schizopora paradoxa, "Usually there are no problems in distinguishing the two species just by a look at the hymenophore (25 X) - at least for C. and N. European specimens. However, there are also specimens which are difficult to interpret, especially among perennial ones or when the fruitbody has grown on a vertical substrate. In these cases the microstructure is distinctive.", (Hallenberg)
Schizopora paradoxa has been found in WA, AK, TN, Brazil, Columbia, Germany, Italy, Norway, Romania, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, Iran, Taiwan, and Australia, (Langer), BC, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, (Hallenberg), LA (Gilbertson(4)), and CA (Desjardin(6)).
Cap: growing flat on wood with pore surface exposed; margin usually distinct and coarsely granular, (Buczacki)
Flesh: soft, when dry hard; white, (Buczacki)
Pores: whitish - cream-colored; "irregularly hydnoid - denticulate - labyrinthiform, denticles thin - rather thick, often provided with small projections", (Hallenberg), white when young, cream to yellowish when old; irpicoid to poroid; pore walls up to 0.5cm deep, (Langer, who refers to the photograph in Breitenbach(2)), usually +/- poroid 2-5 per mm, angular, but also tending to become irregularly labyrinthine or almost toothed on vertical substrates; tubes 0.1-0.4cm deep, whitish, (Buczacki)
Microscopic: spores 5-5.5 x 3.3-4 microns, when measured from spore prints, elliptic; cystidia capitate, rare; hyphae dimitic: "skeletals very thick-walled with a narrow lumen, not branched", acyanophilic, generally abundant (the presence of skeletal hyphae most easily observed in the byssoid margins of the fruitbody or in the trama); generative hyphae with clamp connections, more or less thick-walled; incrustation of hyphae in the pore mouth variable, often absent, (Hallenberg), spores 5.5-6.5 x 3.5-4.5 microns, elliptic, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, thin-walled; basidia 4-spored, 17-21 x 4-5 microns, suburniform; cystidia capitate, about 30 microns long, 4-6 microns wide, (with a rounded, apical, colorless exudate), originating in the hymenium; hyphal ends on the edges of the pores are obtuse, not capitate, hyphae pseudodimitic, (Langer), spores 5-6.5 x 3-4 microns, broadly elliptic, smooth, inamyloid; cystidia-like structures clavate, spindle-shaped or broadly swollen, not projecting, (Buczacki)
Spore Deposit: white (Buczacki)
Habitat / Range
collections examined from Corylus (Hallenberg), Alnus (alder), Araucaria, Betula (birch), Carpinus (hornbeam), Eucalyptus, Fagus (beech), Laurus, Pinus (pine), Quercus (oak), Syringa, Sorbus (mountain-ash), Taxus (yew), (Langer), on dead wood of hardwoods causing white soft rot, occasionally on conifers, shrubs and herbaceous plants and old polypore fruitbodies; all year, (Buczacki)
Similar Species
Schizopora radula has 1) a poroid spore-bearing surface, with angular pores, sometimes lacerate, 2) spores measuring 4-5 x 2.8-3.8 microns, 3) capitate hyphal endings that are frequent in the hymenium and in the pore mouths, and 4) a monomitic hyphal system, whereas Schizopora paradoxa has 1) a hydnoid-denticulate-labyrinthiform spore-bearing surface, 2) spores measuring 5-5.5 x 3.3-4 microns, 3) capitate hyphal endings that are few in number, and 4) a dimitic hyphal system, the skeletals with a narrow lumen (generative hyphae in S. radula are thick-walled and could be mistaken for skeletal hyphae but the cell lumen is wide and the septa have clamp connections), (Hallenberg). S. radula has 1) an orange-tinged fruitbody, 2) spores measuring 4-5.5 x 3-4 microns, and 3) hyphal ends from the outer edges of the pores that are capitate, whereas Schizopora paradoxa has 1) a white to yellowish fruitbody, 2) spores measuring 5.5-6.5 x 3.5-4.5 microns, and 3) hyphal ends from the outer edges of the pores that are obtuse, (Langer). See also SIMILAR section of Antrodiella americana.
Hallenberg(5), Langer(1), Ginns(28)*, Eriksson(7) (S. paradoxa sensu lato), Breitenbach(2)* (S. paradoxa sensu lato), Gilbertson(4), Buczacki(1)*, Desjardin(6)* References for the fungi
